基于SPEI的渭河流域干旱时空变化特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

邹磊  余江游  夏军  王飞宇 《干旱区地理》2020,43(2):329-338

以标准化降水蒸散指数（SPEI）作为评估指标，基于渭河流域28个气象站点1961—2017年实测降水量和气温数据，采用Mann-Kendall（M-K）趋势检验、经验正交函数以及小波变换等方法分析渭河流域干旱时空变化特征，并研究渭河流域干旱与6种大尺度气候因子之间的相关关系，进一步探讨主要气候因子对流域干旱时空分布特征的潜在影响。研究表明：渭河流域在1961—2017年间整体呈现出变旱的趋势。通过经验正交函数分解，渭河流域干旱分布场主要有3种典型模态类型，分别为全局型、西北—东南反向分布型以及东—西反向分布型；同时，大尺度气候因子南方涛动指数SOI与流域干旱分布场具有更好的相关关系，对该区域内干旱变化有较强的影响。  相似文献   

Spatial variation of the relationship between transport accessibility and the level of economic development in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China     

YANG Xue-ting  QIU Xiao-ping  FANG Yi-ping  XU Yun  ZHU Fu-biao 《山地科学学报》2019,(8)

As an important component of China' transportation systems, for a long time, the insufficient performance of transport in QinghaiTibet Plateau(QTP) was a bottleneck restricting the economic growth and social development in this area. Nevertheless, the implementation of the western development strategy has accelerated the preliminary construction of comprehensive transport network since 2000. Due to the large area and significant geographical heterogeneity, there is a growing need to understand the relationship between transportation and economic development based on the perspective of spatial difference. By using GIS-based raster analysis and Geographically Weighted Regression(GWR) model, we investigated the spatial-temporal distribution of highway, railway and airport accessibility, respectively, and estimated the correlation and heterogeneity between transport accessibility and the level of economic development. Results revealed that:(1) Transport accessibility in the QTP improved by 53.38% in the past 15 years, which is specifically embodied in the improvement of both highway and railway.(2) Accessibility presented prominent differentiation in the space, increasing from west to east and reducing with the rise of elevation, specifically, the best accessibility area of the highway is below 4000 m above sea level, while the area with an altitude of over 4000 m has the lowest aviation time cost.(3) In general, the long weighted average time cost to critical transport facilities posed significantly negative effect on county economic growth in QTP, more positively, the adverse effect gradually weakened over time.(4) Obvious heterogeneity exists at the influence of different transport accessibility factors on the level of economic development, reflecting both in the horizontal space and altitudinal belt. Therefore, region-specific policies should be addressed for the sustainable development of transport facilities as well as economy in the west mountain areas.  相似文献   

基于 SRP 概念模型的祁连山地区生态脆弱性评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

刘佳茹  赵军  沈思民  赵彦军 《干旱区地理》2020,43(6):1573-1582

基于生态敏感性-生态恢复力-生态压力度（SRP）概念模型，从地形、气候、植被和社会经济 因子选取 8 个评价指标，利用遥感和 GIS 技术，采用主成分分析方法求取权重，对祁连山地区启动 水源涵养区生态环境保护和综合治理规划研究前后近 10 a 的生态脆弱性程度进行系统、定量地评 估，旨在揭示生态脆弱性的分布特征、时空演变及动因，为区域生态保护、资源利用和可持续发展 提供参考。结果表明：（1）从研究区生态脆弱性分布来看，祁连山地区主要以轻度和重度脆弱为 主，脆弱性程度从西北向东南地区逐渐减弱，西北地区植被覆盖度小，海拔高，生态环境较为恶劣 是导致脆弱性程度较高的原因；（2）祁连山地区 3 期生态脆弱程度呈逐渐下降趋势，综合指数分别 为 3.307、3.118 和 3.103；2005 年 生 态 脆 弱 性 较 高 ，极 度 脆 弱 面 积 为 28 610 km²，2010 年 下 降 为 11 723 km²，2015 年降低为 6 174 km²，极度脆弱面积逐渐减少；（3）从祁连山地区生态脆弱性演变动 因来看，8 个指标对生态脆弱性影响均较为显著，但在不同的时间影响程度各不相同，2005—2015 年 3 期数据中对生态脆弱性影响最大的均为植被指数，降水次之，地形因子影响最小。总体来看， 近年来祁连山地区生态脆弱性程度有所降低，但仍然需要加强保护力度，促进生态环境可持续 发展。  相似文献   

Overview of In - Situ Biodegradation and Enhancement     

DONG Jun  Anthony Adzomani  Zhao Yongsheng 《世界地质(英文版)》2002,5(1)

Microbial degradation technologies have been developed to restore ground water quality in aquifers polluted by organic contaminants effectively in recent years. However, in course of the degradation, the formation of biofilms in ground water remediation technology can be detrimental to the effectiveness of a ground water remediation project. Several alternatives are available to a remedial design engineer, such as Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs) and in -situ bioremediation, Hydrogen Releasing Compounds (HRCs) barrier, Oxygen Releasing Compounds (ORCs) barrier etc. which are efficient and cost- effective technologies. Excessive biomass formation renders a barrier ineffective in degrading the contaminants, Efforts are made to develop kinetics models which accurately determine bio - fouling and bio - filn formation and to control excessive biomass formation.  相似文献   

基于GPIB接口的计数器数据采集与控制软件   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

杨旭海  胡永辉  李志刚 《时间频率学报》2002,25(1):43-46

在Windows平台上 ,使用VC 6 .0开发了一套基于GPIB接口的计数器数据采集与控制软件 ,其特点是采用了多线程机制 ,可实现对计数器的控制 ,以及数据的采集与实时显示。  相似文献   

“合法”是正确解读现阶段我国私营企业主的关键     

廖宗麟  何军 《广东海洋大学学报》2003,23(5):116-119

私营企业主是我们社会主义市场经济的建设者 ,是否“合法”是我们正确解读私营企业主的关键。我国目前的私营企业主分为两类三种。合法经营的私营企业主中的优秀分子是吸收入党的主要对象  相似文献   

关于高速滑坡的几个问题     

冯希杰  张骏 《地球科学与环境学报》1987,(4)

高速滑坡问题是当前工程地质和环境地质学界极为关注的问题。本文对诸如滑体高速滑动所对应的时空界限、滑体滑动过程所产生的热效应以及空气浮托力等高速滑坡产生机制问题进行了初步探讨。  相似文献   

Discovery of 13 New Variable Stars in the Field of the Open Cluster NGC 2168 （M35）     

Juei-Hwa Hu  Wing-Huen Ip 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2005,5(4):356-362

A wide-field time-series CCD photometric survey of variable stars in the field of the open cluster NGC 2168 was carried out using the BATC Schmidt telescope. In total 13 new variable stars are discovered with three W UMa systems, one EA type and two EB type eclipsing binaries (one of them could be a W UMa system), and seven pulsating stars including three candidates of δScuti stars.  相似文献   

The monopole moment of the three-point correlation function of the two-degree Field Galaxy Redshift Survey     

Jun Pan  István Szapudi 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,362(4):1363-1370

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沂水崔家峪玻璃用石英砂岩矿地质特征          下载免费PDF全文

李祥忠  程晓萍  杨学生  解庆岭 《山东国土资源》2004,20(2):34-40

沂水崔家峪玻璃用石英砂岩矿床赋存于早寒武世李官组砂岩段中．呈近水平的层状产出。因其岩石坚硬．矿体呈环山的平台状分布。矿体厚度大，矿石品级高，特级品矿石二氧化硅平均含量98．47％，铁杂质平均含量0．043％(选矿后，铁杂质含量可降至0．02％以下)，为一优质玻璃硅质原料矿床。矿石为细一中粒石英砂岩，粒度以中粒为主，矿石由碎屑颗粒和胶结物组成，碎屑成分含量为97％～98％．其中绝大部分是石英颗粒．具典型的砂屑结掏。该矿床属滨海陆源沉积矿床。  相似文献